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Joel B. Lachter
Asst. Chief- Integration & Training
Phone: 650-604-0769
Untitled Document
CURRICULUM VITAE
October, 2010
Joel Lachter
MS 262-4
Moffett Field, California 94035
Email: Joel.B.Lachter@nasa.gov
Phone: (650) 604-0796
Degrees
University of Rochester - Ph.D. in Psychology and Computer Science, 1994
University of Rochester - M.A. in Psychology, 1992
Harvard College - A.B. in Mathematics, 1985
Other Education
International Computer Science Institute, UC Berkeley - January -June, 1990
Summer Linguistics Institute, Stanford - Summer, 1987
Honors, Grants and Awards
NASA Group Achievement Award, Air Space Ops and Flight Deck Display Research Lab - 2009
First Place, Toastmasters District 4 Humorous Speech Contest - 2006
NASA Ames Research Center, Directors Discretionary Fund (primary investigator) -2004
NASA Ames Research Center, Directors Discretionary Fund (co-investigator) - 2002
NSF Pre-doctoral Fellowship - 1987 - 1990
University of Rochester Sproul Fellowship - 1986 - 87, 1990 - 91
Cum Laude in general studies - Harvard College, 1985
Employment
Senior Research Associate, NASA Ames Research Center/San Jose State Universit y- 2003 - present
NRC Fellowship, NASA Ames Research Center - 2000 - 2003
Research Associate, University of Arizona - 1995 - 2000
McDonnell Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow, Princeton University - 1994 - 1995
Refereed Journal Articles
Lien, M.-C., Ruthruff, E., Kouchi, S., & Lachter, J. (2010). Even frequent and expected words are not identified without spatial attention. �Attention, Perception, and Psychophysics, 72, 973-988.
Lachter, J., Remington, R. W., & Ruthruff, E. (2009). Space, object and task selection. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics, 71, 995-1014.
Lachter, J., Ruthruff, E., Lien, M.-C., & McCann, R. S. (2008). Is attention needed for word identification? Evidence from the Stroop paradigm. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 15, 950-955.
Lachter, J., Forster, K. I. & Ruthruff, E. (2004). Forty-five years after Broadbent: Still no identification without attention. Psychological Review, 111, 880-913.
Lachter, J.,� Durgin, F.� & Washington, T.� (2000). Disappearing percepts: Evidence for retention failure in metacontrast masking. Visual Cognition, 7, 269-279.
Lachter, J. and Durgin, F. (1999). Metacontrast masking functions: A question of speed? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 25:936-947.
Lachter, J. & Hayhoe, M. (1995). Capacity limitations in memory for visual locations. Perception, 24, 1427-1441.
Hayhoe, M., Lachter, J. & Feldman, J. (1991). Integration of form across saccadic eye movements. Perception, 20, 393-402.
Lachter, J. & Bever, T. G. (1988). The relation between linguistic structure and associative theories of language learning�A constructive critique of some connectionist learning models. Cognition, 28, 195-247 (Reprinted in S. Pinker and J. Mehler, Eds., 1988. Connections and Symbols. Cambidge: MIT Press).
Book Chapters
Hayhoe, M., Lachter, J. & M�ller, P. (1992). Spatial memory and integration across saccadic eye movements. In K. Rayner (Ed.) Eye Movements and Visual Cognition: Scene Perception and Reading. New York: Springer.
Published Commentary
Lachter, J. (2001). Object similarity, not identity: Getting at Bedford�s core arguments. Current Psychology of Cognition 20: 231-236.
Lachter, J. (1994). Consciousness in natural language and motor learning. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17:409-410.
Karn, K., Lachter, J., M�ller, P. and Hayhoe, M. (1994). Task dependent spatial memory across saccades. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17:267-268.
Conference Presentations
Wu, S.-C., Lachter, J., Johnson, W. W. & Battiste, V. (2010, September). Assessment of the use of electronic flight bags for displaying enhanced traffic and weather information. Paper to be presented at the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences. Nice, France.
Dao, A.-Q. V., Lachter, J., Battiste, V., Brandt, S. L., Vu, K.-P., Strybel, T. Z., Ho, N., Martin, P. & Johnson, W. W. (2010, September).� Automated spacing support tools for interval management operations during continuous descent approaches. Talk to be presented at the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 54th Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA.
Kouchi, S., Lien, M-C., Ruthruff, E. & Lachter, J. (2009, November). Does frequent repetition of a word enable automatic word processing? Poster presented at the 50th annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society. Boston, Massachusetts.
Johnson, W. W. & Lachter, J. (2009, November). TOOWiLDx: Trajectory oriented operations with limited delegation and weather. Presented at the NASA Aviation Safety Program Technical Interchange Meeting. Tyson�s Corners, VA.
Lachter, J., Johnston, J. C., Corrado, G. & McClelland, J. L. (2009, November) Toward online measurement of decision state. Poster presented at the 50th annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society. Boston, Massachusetts.
Ligda, S. V., Johnson, N., Lachter, J. & Johnson, W. W. (2009, July). Pilot confidence with ATC automation using cockpit situation display tools in a distributed traffic management environment. Talk presented at the 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. San Diego, California.
Wu, S.-C., Lachter, J., Johnson, W. W., Battiste. V., Mogford, R., Brandt, S. L., Dao, A.-Q. V., Johnson, N. & Ligola, S. (2009, April). Eye-tracking in a mid-fidelity Boeing 777 flight simulator to advance new operational concepts. Talk presented at the 15th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology. Dayton, Ohio.
Lachter, J., Johnson, W. W., Wu, S.-C., Homola, J. R., Battiste, V. & Johnston, J. C. (2008, May). Lowlighting on an ATC display: Effects of traffic density and brightness.� Poster presented at the 2008 meeting Human Factors Ergonomics Society Aerospace Technical Group. Arlington, Texas.
Scott, A., Lien, M.-C., Ruthruff, E., & Lachter, J. (2008, April). Is spatial attention needed to extract meaning from words? Evidence from electrophysiology. Poster presented at the Cognitive Neuroscience Society conference. San Francisco, California.
Cornett, L., Lien, M.-C., Ruthruff, E. & Lachter, J. (2007, November). Electrophysiological evidence that semantic visual word processing requires spatial attention.� Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society. Long Beach, California.
Hayashi, M., Huemer, V., Lachter, J., Liston, D., Elkins, S., Renema, F., Beutter, B. McCandless, J. W., McCann, R. S., & Sprikovska, L. (2006, October). Evaluation of an advanced fault management system display for next generation crewed space vehicles. Talk presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. San Francisco, California.
Lachter, J., & Ruthruff, E. (2005, November). Letter processing in the absence of attention. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society. Toronto, Ontario.
Ruthruff, E, Lachter, J., and Lien, M.-C. (2005, January). Is spatial attention needed for object identification? Evidence from the Stroop paradigm. Talk presented at the International Conference on Attentional Control, National Chung-Cheng University, Taiwan.
Lachter, J., Ruthruff, E., & Remington, R. W. (2003, November). Attention capture: Shifting or spreading? Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society. Vancouver, British Columbia.
Lachter, J., Ruthruff, E., & Remington, R. W. (2003, August). Measuring the allocation of attention. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Cognitive Science Association for Interdiciplinary Learning. Hood River, Oregon.
Lachter, J., Ruthruff, E., & Forster, K. I. (2002, November). Attention and reading of non-fixated words. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society. Kansas City, MO.
Lachter, J., & Ruthruff, E. (2001, November). Attentional capture explains reading of irrelevant words. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society. Orlando, Florida.
Remington, R. W., Ruthruff, E., & Lachter, J. (2001, November). Attention without selection: Shallow processing of attended non-targets. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society. Orlando, Florida.
Lachter, J., Forster, K. I., & Ruthruff, E. (2000, November). Unattended words are not identified. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society. New Orleans, Louisiana.
Remington, R. W., Lachter, J., & Ruthruff, E. (2000, November). Selective processing during brief attentional fixations. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society. New Orleans, Louisiana.
Lachter, J., & Forster, K. I. (2000, May). Attention shifts and the reading of irrelevant words. Poster presented at the annual meeting of The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
Lachter, J., & Durgin, F.. (1998, May). The development of metacontrast masking. Poster presented at the annual meeting of The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
Lachter, J. and Durgin, F. (1997, November). Reduction in metacontrast with fast responding. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Hameroff, S. R., Novak, S. L., Yang, S., & Lachter, J. (1997, October). Subjective time flow: Effects of pre-operative medication and general anesthesia. Poster presented at the 27th annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience. New Orleans, Louisiana.
Lachter, J., & Durgin, F. (1997, June). Fleeting awareness in metacontrast. Paper presented at the first conference of the Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness. Claremont, CA.
Lachter, J., & Durgin, F. (1996, October). Metacontrast detection task shows anomalous speed-accuracy tradeoff. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society. Chicago, Illinois.
Lachter, J. (1995, May). Processing of unattended stimuli: Detection not identification. Poster presented at the annual meeting of The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
Lachter, J. (1994, May). Iconic memory for overlapping and non-overlapping stimuli. Poster presented at Converging Operations in the Study of Visual Selective Attention. University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois.
Lachter, J., Hayhoe, M., & Feldman, J. (1991, May). Capacity limitations in the integration of information across saccades. Paper presented at the annual meeting of The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. Sarasota, Florida.
Lachter, J., Hayhoe, M., & Feldman, J. (1989, May). Integrating form across saccades. Paper presented at the annual meeting of The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. Sarasota, Florida.
Invited Presentations
Lachter, J. (2003, March). Where did Broadbent go wrong? Measuring the allocation of processing resources. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
Lachter, J. (1999, December). Cognition About Perception: Some Thoughts About What We See. Lewis and Clark College, Portland, Oregon.
Lachter, J. (1999, May). Cognition About Perception: Some Thoughts About What We See. University of Southwestern Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana.
Lachter, J. (1998, April). Seeing and Unseeing: A case study in unconscious perception. University of Central Arkansas,� Conway, Arkansas.
Lachter, J. (1996, October). The development of a percept. University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.
Lachter, J. (1996, September). A reverse speed-accuracy tradeoff. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
Lachter, J. (1995, November). Processing of unattended stimuli in vision. Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey.
Lachter, J. (1994, January). Processing of unattended stimuli. Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts.
Teaching Experience
Instructor, Psych. Measurement and Statistics (Psy 230), U. of Arizona, Summer 1999
Co-Instructor (w/ Dr. Nicol), Cognitive Psychology (Psy 235), U. of Arizona, Spring 1997
Teaching Assistant, Learning and Memory (Psy 231), U. of Rochester, Spring 1993
Teaching Assistant, Intro. to Cognitive Science (Cog Sci 101), U. of Rochester, Spring 1992
Instructor, Philosophy of Cognitive Science (Cog Sci 271), U. of Rochester, Spring 1989
Grader, Analysis (Math 110), Harvard College, Fall 1984
Departmental Service
Prehealth Professions Committee, 1997, 1998
����� - Interviewed and evaluated undergraduates applying for medical school
Consciousness Summer Institute, 1997
����� - Workshop to set objectives for the University of Arizona Center for Consciousness Studies
Cognitive Science Curriculum Committee, 1991 - 1992
����� - Ad hoc committee set up to reorganize the Cognitive Science Program�s curriculum
Psychology Department Speakers Committee, 1989 - 1990
����� - Arranged visits for outside speakers
Cognitive Science Speakers Committee, 1987 - 1988
����� - Arranged visits for outside speakers
Psychology Computing Committee, 1987 - 1988
����� - Decided policy regarding shared computing resources (servers and printers)
Organized Cognitive Science Happy Hours, 1986 - 1988
����� - Monthly gatherings to encourage interdepartmental interaction
Professional Organizations
Psychonomic Society
Association for Psychological Science
Human Factors Ergonomics Society
Toastmasters International
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(2024) NASA Headquarters Honor Award, Excellence in Collaboration Award - Human Factors Task Force Team
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(2020) NASA Group Achievement Award, GOES-17 Mishap Investigation Board (MIB) Team
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(2020) Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate (ARMD) Associate Administrator (AA) Award, Technology and Innovation- Unmanned Aircraft Systems Integration in the National Airspace System
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(2018) NASA Group Achievement Award, UAS Detect and Avoid Team
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(2015) Ames Technology Award, Patent Application Award System for Providing a Real Time Audible Message to a Pilot
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(2015) Ames Technology Award, Tech Brief Award for Real Time PIREPs Using Audio Twitter
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(2014) NASA Group Achievement Award, Single Pilot Operations (SPO) Experiment Team
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V. L. Dulchinos, J. N. Keeler, G. G. Sadler, L. . Holm, S. K. Pradhan, V. . Battiste, J. B. Lachter, & S. L. Brandt (2024) Human-Autonomy Teaming Assistant to Support Small Uncrewed Aircraft Systems for Wildland Firefighting Operations, 4th IEEE International Conference on Human-Machine Systems (ICHMS), Toronto, Canada
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K. L. Vu, J. B. Lachter, V. . Battiste, & T. Z. Strybel (2018) Single pilot operations in domestic commercial aviation, Human Factors, 60(6), 755-762
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D. . Thipphavong, R. . Apaza, B. . Barmore, V. . Battiste, B. K. Burian, Q. . Dao, M. S. Feary, S. . Go, K. . Goodrich, J. R. Homola, H. . Idris, P. . Kopardekar, J. B. Lachter, N. . Neogi, H. . Ng, R. . Oseguera-Lohr, M. . Patterson, & S. . Verma (2018) Urban Air Mobility Airspace Integration Concepts and Considerations , AIAA Aviation Forum (Aviation 2018); June 25, 2018 - June 29, 2018; Atlanta, GA; United States
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S. L. Brandt, J. B. Lachter, R. . Russell, & R. J. Shively (2017) A Human-Autonomy Teaming Approach for a Flight-Following Task, In International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (pp. 12-22). Springer, Cham
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N. . Ho, W. W. Johnson, K. . Panesar, K. . Wakeland, G. G. Sadler, N. . Wilson, N. . Nguyen, J. B. Lachter, & S. L. Brandt (2017) Application of human-autonomy teaming to an advanced ground station for reduced crew operations, In 2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) (pp. 1-4). IEEE
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R. J. Shively, S. L. Brandt, J. B. Lachter, M. P. Matessa, G. G. Sadler, & H. . Battiste (2016) Application of Human-Autonomy Teaming (HAT) Patterns to Reduced Crew Operations (RCO), In International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (pp. 244-255). Springer International Publishing
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Q. . Dao, K. . Koltai, S. D. Cals, S. L. Brandt, J. B. Lachter, M. P. Matessa, D. . Smith, V. . Battiste, & W. W. Johnson (2015) Evaluation of a recommender system for single-pilot operations, Paper to appear in the Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics, Las Vegas, NV.
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H. A. Cunningham, M. . Hallett, H. . Battiste, S. . Curtis, M. . Koltz, J. B. Lachter, S. L. Brandt, V. . Battiste, & W. W. Johnson (2015) Examining Response Time-out Causes and Operator Responses to Additional Question Time-out probes, Paper to appear in the Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics, Las Vegas, NV
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S. L. Brandt, J. B. Lachter, V. . Battiste, & W. W. Johnson (2015) Pilot Situation Awareness and Its Implications for Single Pilot Operations: Analysis of a Human-In-The-Loop Study, Paper to appear in the Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics, Las Vegas, NV
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J. B. Lachter, S. L. Brandt, V. . Battiste, S. V. Ligda, M. P. Matessa, & W. W. Johnson (2014) Toward Single Pilot Operations: Developing a Ground Station, Proceedings of the HCI-AERO 2014 conference, Silicon Valley, California, July 30-August 1, 2014.
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J. B. Lachter, V. . Battiste, M. P. Matessa, Q. . Dao, R. W. Koteskey, & W. W. Johnson (2014) Toward Single Pilot Operations: The Impact of the Loss of Non-verbal Communication on the Flight Deck, Proceedings of the HCI-AERO 2014 conference, Silicon Valley, California, July 30-August 1, 2014.
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D. A. Comerford-Roman, S. L. Brandt, J. B. Lachter, S. . Wu, R. . Mogford, V. . Battiste, & W. W. Johnson (2013) NASA's single-pilot operations technical interchange meeting: Proceedings and findings, (NASA/CP-2013-216513). Moffett Field, CA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center
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R. . O'Connor, Z. S. Roberts, J. . Ziccardi, R. W. Koteskey, J. B. Lachter, Q. . Dao, W. W. Johnson, V. . Battiste, K. L. Vu, & T. Z. Strybel (2013) Pre-study walkthrough with a commercial pilot for a preliminary single pilot operations experiment, 15th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction.
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W. W. Johnson, J. B. Lachter, S. L. Brandt, R. W. Koteskey, Q. . Dao, J. M. Kraut, S. V. Ligda, & V. . Battiste (2012) An Evaluation of controller and pilot performance, workload, and acceptability under a nextgen concept for dynamic weather adapted arrival routing.
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V. . Battiste, G. F. Lawton, J. B. Lachter, S. L. Brandt, R. W. Koteskey, Q. . Dao, J. M. Kraut, S. V. Ligda, & W. W. Johnson (2012) Comparison of controller and flight deck algorithm performance during interval management with dynamic arrival trees (STARS), 30th EAAP Conference, 24-28 Sep; Italy
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R. W. Koteskey, S. . Wu, V. . Battiste, E. M. Wenzel, J. B. Lachter, D. R. Begault, J. H. Nguyen, M. S. Politowicz, & W. W. Johnson (2012) Enhanced Audio for NextGen Flight Decks, Proceedings from the 4th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics 2012
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W. W. Johnson, J. B. Lachter, M. S. Feary, D. A. Comerford-Roman, V. . Battiste, & R. . Mogford (2012) Task Allocation for Single Pilot Operations: A Role for the Ground, HCI Aero 2012
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J. B. Lachter, V. . Battiste, R. W. Koteskey, Q. . Dao, S. L. Brandt, S. . Wu, S. V. Ligda, & W. W. Johnson (2011) Communication issues for near-term implementation of trajectory-based operations, Lessons from an air-ground human-in-the-loop simulation using FANS, ACARS, and voice
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S. L. Brandt, J. B. Lachter, Q. . Dao, V. . Battiste, & W. W. Johnson (2011) Flight Deck Workload and Acceptability of Verbal and Digital Communication Protocols, In G. Salvendy & M. J. Smith (Eds.), Human Interface and the Management of Information. Interacting with Information (Vol. 6772, pp. 463-472). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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V. . Battiste, J. B. Lachter, S. V. Ligda, J. H. Nguyen, L. P. Bacon, R. W. Koteskey, & W. W. Johnson (2011) Is ACARS and FANS-1A Just Another Data Link to the Controller?, In G. Salvendy & M. J. Smith (Eds.), Human Interface and the Management of Information. Interacting with Information (Vol. 6772, pp. 453-462). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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J. B. Lachter, V. . Battiste, R. W. Koteskey, Q. . Dao, S. L. Brandt, S. V. Ligda, S. . Wu, & W. W. Johnson (2011) Issues for Near-Term Implementation of Trajectory Based Operations, Ninth USA/Europe Air Traffic Management Research and Development Seminar, ATM2011 (Paper 132), EUROCONTROL/FAA. Berlin, Germany, June 2011
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S. . Wu, J. B. Lachter, W. W. Johnson, & V. . Battiste (2010) Assessment for the Use of Electronic Flight Bags for Displaying Enhanced Traffic and Weather Information on the Flight Deck, Proceedings of the International Council of Aeronautical Sciences conference (ICAS 2010)
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Q. . Dao, J. B. Lachter, V. . Battiste, S. L. Brandt, K. L. Vu, T. Z. Strybel, N. . Ho, P. . Martin, & W. W. Johnson (2010) Automated Spacing Support Tools for Interval Management Operations during Continuous Descent Approaches, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting Proceedings (Vol. 54, pp. 21–25)
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W. W. Johnson, N. . Ho, V. . Battiste, K. L. Vu, J. B. Lachter, S. V. Ligda, Q. . Dao, & P. . Martin (2010) Management of continuous descent approach during interval management operation, Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), 2010 IEEE/AIAA 29th (pp. 4.D.4-1-4.D.4-13). Presented at the Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), 2010 IEEE/AIAA 29th, IEEE
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N. . Ho, W. W. Johnson, P. . Martin, J. B. Lachter, Q. . Dao, S. L. Brandt, & V. . Battiste (2010) Pilot response to off-nominal conditions in merging and spacing operation, Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), 2010 IEEE/AIAA 29th (pp. 4.D.3-1-4.D.3-13). Presented at the Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), 2010 IEEE/AIAA 29th, IEEE.
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S. V. Ligda, N. H. Johnson, J. B. Lachter, & W. W. Johnson (2009) Pilot Confidence with ATC Automation Using Cockpit Situation Display Tools in a Distributed Traffic Management Environment, Human Interface and the Management of Information. Information and Interaction, 816–825
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M. . Hayashi, V. A. Huemer, J. B. Lachter, S. P. Elkins, F. . Renema, B. R. Beutter, J. W. McCandless, R. S. McCann, & L. . Spirkovska (2006) Evaluation of an Advanced Fault Management System Display for Next Generation Crewed Space Vehicles, In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Oct. 16-20, San Francisco, CA, 136-140.
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